Personality disorders are outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) as “an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment.” 

Mood disorders, as defined by the Mayo Clinic are characterized by a distortion of one’s general emotional state and/ or mood that is inconsistent with the current circumstances and interferes with one’s ability to function.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) as a chronic, mental disorder.

Yes; depression is a mood disorder. According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, “a mood disorder is a mental health class that health professionals use to broadly describe all types of depression and bipolar disorders.”

Narcissistic personality disorder is one of ten different types of personality disorders that is recognized in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).

It is not uncommon for individuals to inaccurately use the term mood disorder and personality disorder interchangeably. The primary difference between the two is that mood disorders generally cause periods of emotional highs and/ or lows, and although mood swings are not an uncommon symptom of personality disorders, it is not the main symptom.

Psychosis is a term used to encompass a set of symptoms that are characterized by disconnection from reality. When an individual experiences psychosis it is typically referred to as a psychotic episode.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neurobiological illness, and is listed as such in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). OCD is characterized by intrusive, unreasonable thoughts and/ or fears (also known as obsessions) that commonly lead to compulsive, repetitive behaviors (also known as compulsions).

The National Alliance of Mental Health (NIH) explains “psychosis is characterized as disruptions to a person’s thoughts and perceptions that make it difficult for them to recognize what is real and what isn’t.”

Detox, or detoxification, typically refers to the process of removing the toxins from the body. The first step in recovering from an alcohol addiction or alcohol abuse is to undergo detox.

Psychosis a term used that encompasses a set of mental health symptoms that is characterized by an impaired relationship with reality. Psychosis is a symptom that can occur in connection to a variety of sources, such as a psychological condition, a general medical condition or drug and/ or alcohol misuse. However, the precise cause for psychosis remains unknown.

The World Health Organization (WHO) explains “the term psychosis refers to a non-specific syndrome characterized by delusions (false beliefs), hallucinations (false sensory perceptions not shared by others), loss of contact with reality and bizarre behavior.”

Psychosis is characterized by delusions and/ or hallucinations that cause a severe disturbance in the perception of reality. The Oxford English Dictionary defines hallucination as “an experience involving the apparent perception of something not present.”

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) as a chronic mental health disorder. It characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image issues, and difficulty managing emotions and behaviors, which interfere with one’s ability to function in everyday life.

It is completely normal for individuals to experience mood changes, especially in relation external stimuli (e.g. reactions to situations and/ or experiences). A mood disorder is a mental health condition that fundamentally affects an individual’s emotional state. According to the Mayo Clinic “if you have a mood disorder, your general emotional state or mood is distorted or inconsistent with your circumstances and interferes with your ability to function.”

Psychosis, itself, is not a disease or disorder, rather it is a symptom or group of symptoms. An episode of psychosis refers to a break from reality, also known as a psychotic break. Forbes explains in detail that a psychotic break means “losing contact with reality, such as hearing, seeing, tasting, smelling, or feeling something that has no external correlate (i.e., hallucinations) or believing something to be true that is false, fixed, and fantastic (i.e., delusions) or being unable to sequence one’s thoughts or control a flight of ideas that becomes increasingly tangential (i.e., thought discord), or emotions wildly inconsistent with external reality (such as catatonia, the wild flights of someone in a manic episode, or a complete absence of affect).”

There are a variety of different types of mental health disorders each with distinct characteristics. Depending on an individual’s diagnosis and mental health needs there may be certain components of typical mental health treatment plans that may be effective for some individuals, and ineffective for others. Therefore, most individuals diagnosed with mental health disorders will likely require tailored psychological treatment plans.